"The myth of medieval paganism"

 "The idea that something called 'paganism' existed in medieval society as a mode of conscious resistance to Christianity has proved seductive, despite having no factual basis whatsoever."

     Francis Young, "The myth of medieval paganism," First things no. 300 (February 2020):  12 (12-14).  "most culturally alien practices in popular Christianity were products of imperfectly catechized Christian cultures rather than pockets of pagan resistance" (14).