Saturday, June 11, 2022

"this lamp of law and faith"

     "Consequently, that brilliant lamp which was lit for the sake of our salvation should always shine in us.  For we have the lamp of the heavenly commandment and spiritual grace [(lucernam caelestis mandati et gratiae spiritalis)], to which David referred:  Your law [(mandatum)] is a lamp to my feet and a light to my path.  Solomon also says this about it:  For the command of the law [(praeceptum legis)] is a lamp. . . .
     "Therefore, we must not hide this lamp of law and faith [(lucerna haec legis ac fidei)].  Rather, we must set it up in the Church, as on a lamp-stand, for the salvation of many. . . ."


     St. Chromatius, Tractate 19.4.1 and 3 on Matthew 5:14-16, as trans. Office of Readings for the Feast of St. Barnabas (11 June), Liturgy of the hours.  =CCL 9, 287 ll. 66 ff., as reproduced in the 2014 Breviario Digitale edition of Liturgia horarum, except with haec for hic, as in the IBreviary (I have not yet checked CCL 9, but lucerna is, of course, feminine).  ACW 75 trans. Schenk, p. 191:

And, therefore, this spiritual lamp that was set alight for the benefit of our salvation should always shine in us.  For we have the lamp of the heavenly commandment and of spiritual grace of which David has spoken:  'Your commandment is a lamp to my feet and a light to my paths' [Ps 119:105].  And Solomon says of it, 'For the precept of the law is a lamp' [Prov 6:23]. . . .  Whence we must not conceal this lamp of the law and of faith, but it should always be set in the church as on the lampstand for the salvation of many. . . .

Friday, June 10, 2022

Again at greater length

Hubert & Jan van Eyck, Ghent altarpiece
Make it, we pray, almighty God, so that the praises we render to you now we may have the strength to sing again at greater length with your saints in eternity.  Through.

"Praesta, quaesumus, omnipotens Deus, ut laudes quas nunc tibi persolvimus, in aeternum cum sanctis tuis uberius decantare valeamus.  Per."

"All-powerful Father, as now we bring you our songs of praise, so may we sing your goodness in the company of your saints for ever.  We ask this through."

     Oratio, Morning prayer, Friday, tenth week in ordinary time, Liturgy of the hours, first trans. mine.

Tuesday, June 7, 2022

"a crown with an ear on each end"

     "It was out of desperation, therefore, when Sonora, Chihuahua, and Durango passed bills offering bounty prices for Indian scalps. The bills provided scaled bounty payments with prices ranging between twenty-five and one hundred pesos, depending on the victim’s sex and age, and stated that the booty from slain Indians would be awarded to the vanquishers. State officials contracted foreigners residing in Mexican territory to kill Indian raiders with such frequency that by the late 1830s virtual bounty wars raged across northern Mexico. Mexico City condemned the scalp bounties as an excessive, unsavory measure but was powerless—or perhaps unwilling—to the stop the practice. The scalp wars devastated the Apaches who, unlike the Comanches, could not evade mercenary scalping squads by escaping [into Comancheria] far to the north. James Kirker, the most notorious of the soldiers of fortune, focused his business-style operations almost solely on Apaches, delivering almost five hundred Apache scalps to Chihuahuan authorities by 1847, but he largely avoided the more mobile and better-armed Comanches. In fact, as scalp payments became an established practice in Chihuahua in the late 1830s, Comanches, too, began to hunt Apaches for the standard bounty prize, a crown with an ear on each end."

     Pekka Hämäläinen, The Comanche Empire, Lamar Series in Western History (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2008), 228.
     Mexican "desperation," it should be noted, was born of the impunity with which the Comanches had been with such sovereignty pillaging northern Mexico.  Thus, the Comanches were here capitalizing further upon the mayhem that they had themselves been causing!  Clever!
     But of course this conflict with the Apaches was nothing new.  It was rooted in the "more than half a century"-long conquest (from the West beyond the Rockies and then from the North; map on p. 56) of Apachería, in full swing "By the late 1710s" (32).  This "all-out war" resulted in the displacement of the Apaches to the West and South (map of the 1760s on p. 63), where they remained subject to ongoing raiding (map of the 1770s and 1780s on p. 79) well into the 19th century (as above).  "The Comanche invasion of the southern plains was, quite simply, the longest and bloodiest conquering campaign the American West had witnessed—or would witness until the encroachment of the United States a century and a half later" (18).

Sunday, June 5, 2022

To be wise in what is right

Fra Angelico & students, 1451-43
"Deus, qui hodierna die corda fidelium Sancti Spiritus illustratione docuisti:  da nobis, in eodem Spiritu recta sapere; et de ejus semper consolatione gaudere.  Per"

O God, who on this day didst instruct the hearts of the faithful by the illumination of the Holy Spirit, grant unto us, in that same Spirit, to be wise in [what is] right, and to rejoice always in his consolation.  Through.

O God, who on this day didst instruct the hearts of the faithful by the illumination of the Holy Spirit, grant unto us, in that same Spirit, to have a sense for [what is] right, and to rejoice always in his consolation.  Through.

     Oratio for Pentecost, Tridentine Missal =Corpus orationum no. 1666 (earliest manuscript:  Monte Cassino cod. 271 (7th-8th cent.) =Bruylants no. 349 (vol. 2, p. 96), translation mine.  I would have preferred "inlustration" (from inlustro, "to light up or make bright"), but "lustration" follows, in English, the classical Latin illustratio (from lustro, to purify or cleanse, rather than from lustro, to illumine), rather than the medieval illustratio, which, according to the DMLBS, could mean "the action of shining or illuminating," as in the "brightness, dazzling glory" of 2 Thess 2:8 Vulgate.  Some other translations:

"O God, who didst teach the hearts of Thy faithful by the light of the Holy spirit:  grant unto us, by the same Spirit, to be wise in what is right, and ever to rejoice in His consolation.  Through"

"God, who on this day didst teach the faithful by sending the light of the Holy Spirit into their hearts, grant that, by the gift of that Spirit, right judgment may be ours, and that we may ever find joy in his comfort:  through"

     1549 Booke of the common prayer:  "God, whiche as upon this daye haste taughte the heartes of thy faithful people, by the sending to them the lyght of thy holy spirite; graunte us by the same spirite to haue a right judgement in al things, and euermore to reioyce in hys holy coumforte; through"

     1662 Book of common prayer:  "God, who as at this time didst teach the hearts of thy faithful people by the sending to them the light of thy holy Spirit; Grant us by the same Spirit to have a right judgement in all things, and evermore to rejoyce in his holy comfort, through"

     1892 Book of common prayer:  "O God, who as at this time didst teach the hearts of thy faithful people by sending to them the light of thy holy Spirit; Grant us by the same Spirit to have a right judgment in all things, and evermore to rejoyce in his holy comfort, through"

     1928 Book of common prayer:

     1979 Book of common prayer (traditional alternate):  "O God, who on this day didst teach the hearts of thy faithful people by sending to them the light of thy Holy Spirit:  Grant us by the same Spirit to have a right judgment in all things, and evermore to rejoice in his holy comfort; through"

     1979 Book of common prayer (contemporary alternate):  "O God, who on this day taught the hearts of your faithful people by sending to them the light of your Holy Spirit:  Grant us by the same Spirit to have a right judgment in all things, and evermore to rejoice in his holy comfort; through"

     Etc.