Saturday, April 19, 2025

Crux fidelis

Sankt-Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, 391 (late 10th cent.), p. 62

". . . when Adam first offended, | Eating that forbidden fruit, | Not all hopes of glory ended | With the serpent at the root: | Broken nature would be mended | By a second tree and shoot."

     "Crux fidelis," current Roman missal, Friday of the Passion, as very loosely paraphrased by Michael Hodgetts and then appropriated by the ICEL (according to a number of pages on the Internet, most of whose commentators seem to be pretty unhappy with this "translation").  But "Crux fidelis" as reproduced in the Missale
  • [Stanza 8:]  Crux fidelis, inter omnes arbor una nobilis, Nulla talem silva profert, flore, fronde, germine! Dulce lignum dulci clavo dulce pondus sustinens!
  • [Stanza 1:]  Pange, lingua, gloriosi proelium certaminis, Et super crucis tropaeo dic triumphum nobilem, Qualiter Redemptor orbis immolatus vicerit.
  • [Stanza 2:]  De parentis protoplasti fraude factor condolens, Quando pomi noxialis morte morsu corruit, Ipse lignum tunc notavit, damna ligni ut solveret.
  • [Stanza 3:]  Hoc opus nostrae salutis ordo depoposcerat, Multiformis perditoris arte ut artem falleret, Et medelam ferret inde, hostis unde laeserat.
  • [Stanza 4:]  Quando venit ergo sacri plenitudo temporis, Missus est ab arce Patris Natus, orbis conditor, Atque ventre virginali carne factus prodiit.
  • [Stanza 5:]  Vagit infans inter arta conditus praesepia, Membra pannis involuta Virgo Mater alligat, Et manus pedesque et crura stricta cingit fascia.
  • [Stanza 6:]  Lustra sex qui iam peracta tempus implens corporis, se volente, natus ad hoc, passioni deditus, agnus in crucis levatur immolandus stipite.
  • [Stanza 7:]  En acetum, fel, arundo, sputa, clavi, lancea; Mite corpus perforatur, sanguis, unda profluit; Terra, pontus, astra, mundus quo lavantur flumine!
  • [Stanza 9:]  Flecte ramos, arbor alta, tensa laxa viscera, Et rigor lentescat ille, quem dedit nativitas, Ut superni membra Regis miti tendas stipite.
  • [Stanza 10:]  Sola digna tu fuisti ferre saecli pretium Atque portum praeparare nauta mundo naufrago, Quem sacer cruor perunxit fusus Agni corpore.
is basically Fortunatus' 6th-century "Pange, lingua, gloriosi proelium certaminis" only very slightly rearranged.  Though the last stanza in the Missale,
  • Aequa Patri Filioque, inclito Paraclito, Sempiterna sit beatae Trinitati gloria; cuius alma nos redemit atque servat gratia. Amen,
corresponds only very, very roughly to the various versions of Stanza 14 given at Analecta hymnica 50 (1907):  71-63 (no. 66)The edition ed. F. Leo at MGH Auct. Ant. 4.1 (1881), pp. 27-28 (no. II.3) offers only the first ten above.  I have not compared the rest of the Latin of the current Missale Romanum, taken from here, with that in the two critical editions just named.

Sunday, April 13, 2025

Also, why not simply forgive? Cur Deus homo?

"formerly, when nothing at all existed, only a nod and an act of will was needed for the creation of the universe.  But when the human being had once been made, and necessity required the healing, not for things that were not [(τὰ μὴ ὄντα, as in 1 Cor 1:28)], but for things that had come to be, it followed that the healer and Savior had to come among those who had already been created, to heal what existed. . . .  For it was not non-existent things [(τὰ οὐκ ὄντα)] that needed salvation, so that a command alone would have sufficed, but the human being, already in existence, who was corrupted and perishing."

     St. Athanasius, On the incarnation 44, trans. John Behr (Popular patristics series 44a (Yonkers, NY:  St Vladimir's Seminary Press, 2011), 145, 147).