Saturday, August 13, 2022

Faith does not augment Baptism

"Faith does not establish baptism nor enhance it, and unbelief does not diminish or reduce it.  God’s Word establishes it.  It is the factor that makes baptism work [(caussa baptismi efficiens, the efficient cause of baptism)]."

"Fides non constituit baptismum et eum auget neque incredulitas ei quicquam adimit et minuit, sed verbo Dei constitit, illud est caussa baptismi efficiens."

     Martin Luther, Second sermon on Baptism, Third Sunday after Epiphany, 27 January 1538, as reported by Johann Stol(t)z and trans. Robert Kolb ("'What benefit does the soul receive from a handful of water?': Luther’s preaching on Baptism, 1528-1539," Concordia journal 25, no. 4 (October 1999):  355 (346–363); WA 46, 155 ll. 30-32).

God's Word is more certain than my faith in it

"Choose whether you wish to risk being saved on the basis of God’s Word and institution or on your faith!  I say, 'Certainly I believe today, but I do not know what tomorrow will bring.'  God’s truth is more certain than my heart, and his Word is more certain than my faith."

"Elige, an velis salutem tuam wagen auff gots wort und ordnung an tuam fidem?  Ego dico:  certe hodie credo, sed nescio, quid eras.  Dei veritas est certior corde meo et verbum eius certius mea fide."

     Martin Luther, Sermon on the afternoon of Septuagesima Sunday, 9 February 1528, as trans. Robert Robert Kolb in "'What benefit does the soul receive from a handful of water?': Luther’s preaching on Baptism, 1528-1539," Concordia journal 25, no. 4 (October 1999):  355 (346–363).  =WA 27, 45 ll. 9-11.

 

"Why? Because the command of God is not there."

"Huren et buben siꜩen auch bey samen, zeugen kinder, samlen gueter.  Das wesen und leben ist ehnlich matrimonio, ut nihil &c. et tamen huren und buben ut . . . Quare?  quia Dei befelh ist nicht da."

     Martin Luther, "Pridie Sebastiani.  Secundus sermo de baptism," Sermon on the Second Sunday after Epiphany, 19 January 1539, WA 47, 647 ll. 2-5.  Robert Kolb (paraphrasing), in "'What benefit does the soul receive from a handful of water?': Luther’s preaching on Baptism, 1528-1539," Concordia journal 25, no. 4 (October 1999):  350 (346–363)"Whores may have boyfriends [(Huren et buben, in modern German Whores and boys/knaves/fornicators)] with whom they live and by whom they bear children, but similarity to marriage is not marriage.  Their way of life lacks God's support and command."

Thursday, August 11, 2022

The "pure relationship"

"There are few signs of contemporary liberalism disappearing from the human scene.  Even after decades of the most prominent contemporary liberals conceding to their critics that their supposedly neutral theories are not neutral, judges, lawyers, and theorists alike continue as if nothing has happened.  The 'wise' are 'wise' who the 'wise' say are wise.  If today’s 'wise' say that liberalism is neutral and that neutrality is good, that is wisdom.  The apotheoses of contemporary liberalism in public life have coincided with the greatest contemporary liberal thinkers conceding that their theories legislate a particular form of morality and have no claim to universality.  Even the author of The Myth of Autonomy embraces a vision of the family based on autonomy.  That’s their story and they are sticking to it."

     Scott Yenor, The recovery of family life:  exposing the limits of modern ideologies (Waco, TX:  Baylor University Press, 2020), 139.  Autonomy or the "pure relationship" (Anthony Giddens, 130- ).  Who is "the author of The Myth of Autonomy"?

Treating "different things differently"

"the truth is that many lesbians and gay men are quite attached to the concept of sex as a natural, biological, material thing. Yes, we are very well aware that sex can be expressed in many different ways. A drag queen and a rugby player are both biologically men, with different expressions of gender. Indeed, a drag queen can also be a rugby player and express his gender identity in a variety of ways, depending on time and place. But he is still a man. . . .  Transgender people pose no threat to us, and the vast majority of gay men and lesbians wholeheartedly support protections for transgender people. But transgenderist ideology — including postmodern conceptions of sex and gender — is indeed a threat to homosexuality, because it is a threat to biological sex as a concept.
     "And so it is not transphobic for a gay man not to be attracted to a trans man. It is close to definitional. The core of the traditional gay claim is that there is indeed a very big difference between male and female, that the difference matters, and without it, homosexuality would make no sense at all. If it’s all a free and fluid nonbinary choice of gender and sexual partners, a choice to have sex exclusively with the same sex would not be an expression of our identity, but a form of sexist bigotry, would it not?"


     Andrew Sullivan, "The nature of sex," "Interesting times," "Intelligencer," New York, 1 February 2019.  Has Sullivan grappled elsewhere with what the gay/lesbian and the transgender identities would seem to have in common, though?

"no meaningful difference"

     "To accept same-sex unions as 'marriage' is thus to commit officially to the proposition that there is no meaningful difference between a married man and woman conceiving a child naturally, two women conceiving a child with the aid of donor semen and IVF, or two men employing a surrogate to have a child together, though in the latter cases only one of the legally recognized parents can (presently) contribute to the child’s hereditary endowment and hope for a family resemblance. By recognizing same-sex ‘marriages’ the state also determines once and for all that ARTs are not merely a remedy for infertility but a normative form of reproduction equivalent to natural procreation, and indeed it has been suggested in some cases that ARTs are an improvement upon nature. Yet if this is true, it follows that no great weight attaches to natural motherhood and fatherhood and that being born to a father and mother is inessential to what it means to be human, or even to the meaning of childhood and family. These are not fundamentally 'natural' phenomena integral to human identity and social welfare but mere accidents of biology overlaid with social conventions that can be replaced by 'functionally equivalent' roles without loss."

     Michael Hanby, "The brave new world of same-sex marriage," The Federalist, 19 February 2014.

Monday, August 8, 2022

"Concepts create idols; only wonder comprehends anything. People kill one another over idols. Wonder makes us fall to our knees."

     Pseudo-Gregory of Nyssa, considered as an accurate quotation.

     Nyssa specialist Prof. Giulio Maspero, of the Pontificia Università della Santa Croce in Rome, who has cited the following passage often himself, says "the quote is not literal, here is the source[:]  Gregorio di Nissa, In Canticum, GNO VI, 358, 12-359,4" (note to me dated 4 September 2022) =PG 44, col. 1028D.  That would be this passage from Homily on the Song of Songs 12, which, as translated by Richard A. Norris (Gregory of Nyssa:  Homilies on the Song of Songs (Atlanta:  Society of Biblical Literature, 2012), 378-379, which is keyed to GNO VI), runs as follows:

The great David himself often does the same sort of thing: calling the Divine by a thousand names and then confessing that he has fallen short of the truth. 'You,' he says, 'are a merciful and gracious God, generous and full of compassion and true' (Ps 85:15)—and 'strength' and 'rock' and 'refuge' (Ps 17:2– 3) and 'power' and 'helper' (Ps 45:2) and 'protector' and 'horn of salvation' (Ps 17:3c), and the like. Again he confesses that God’s name is not known in all the earth but rather wondered at [(τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ ἐν πάσῃ τῇ γῇ οὐχὶ γινώσκεται ἀλλὰ θαυμάζεται)]: 'How wonderful,' he says, 'is your name in all the earth' (Ps 8:2, 10). In this manner too spoke the One who responded to Manoah’s question about his child when [Manoah] asked his name: '"It is to be wondered at [(θαυμαστόν ἐστι τοῦτο)]" (Judg 13:18[; LXX:  αὐτό ἐστιν θαυμαστόν]) and is greater than anything that human hearing can take in [(χωρηθῆναι)].' That is why the soul too names the Word in whatever way she can, but her ability does not match her aim. She seeks more than she is capable of. Nor indeed is she able to want all that he is, but only as much as her faculty of choice can intend. Since, then, the One called upon is beyond the reach of the caller’s desire, she says: I called upon him, but he did not answer me.

     Prior to hearing back from Prof. Maspero I had examined and dismissed that passage.  On his authority, though, I now take it to be the core around which this "quotation" has been built up over time.  (Note, however, that although Prof. Maspero has himself cited this passage in support of the claim that according to Gregory of Nyssa "only wonder knows," that's not quite what Gregory says precisely here (alone).  Cf. Lexicon Gregorianum, sv θαῦμα, A.4.b.β. "von d. Wundern Gottes," "allg. von d. wunderbaren Wirken Gottes," "im Zus[ammen]h[ang]. mit d. Gotteserkenntnis (Gott wird mehr (in sein Werken) 'erstaunt', als (in seinem Wesen) erkannt).")
     Prior to the assistance provided by Prof. Maspero, the closest I’d been able to get to a proper citation—attributed to both Gregory of Nyssa and Jürgen Moltmann online—had been via Jürgen Moltmann, who gives

"Concepts create idols.  Only wonder understands"
"Die Begriffe schaffen Götzenbilder, allein das Erstaunen versteht etwas"

     Jürgen Moltmann, The Spirit of life:  a universal affirmation (Minneapolis:  Fortress Press, 2001 [1992; German:  1991]), 73 (and in other books), citing PG 44, col. 377 (and in the original German, too).
     PG 44, col. 377 is roughly secs. 163-167 (on pp. 95-96) of the Classics of Western spirituality translation of The life of Moses by Abraham J. Malherbe and Everett Ferguson, and the closest thing on those two pages occurs at the top of p. 96 (at the bottom of sec. 165):

"Every concept which comes from some comprehensible image by an approximate understanding and by guessing at the divine nature constitutes an idol of God and does not proclaim God."

ὡς παντὸς νοήματος τοῦ κατά τινα περιληπτικὴν φαντασίαν ἐν περινοίᾳ τινὶ καὶ στοχοσμῷ τῆς θείας φύσεως γινομένου εἴδωλον θεοῦ πλάσσοντος καὶ οὐ θεὸν καταγγέλλοντος.

     Note that "wonder" doesn’t occur right here (though "marvel [(
θαῦμα)]" does occur in sec. 170, to give but one possibility in the immediate vicinity).
     Malherbe and Ferguson take their section numbers from the edition published in SC 1, ed. Jean Daniélou (p. 212, sec. 165).  Greek as on p. 88 ll. 2-5 of Bd. 7/1 of the "Jaeger" edition of the Opera, ed. H. Musurillo.

Sunday, August 7, 2022

"that which I cannot conceive is not an illusion"

"[A case of contradictories which are true.  God exists : God does not exist.  Where is the problem?  I am quite sure that there is a God in the sense that I am quite sure that my love is not illusory.  I am quite sure that there is not a God in the sense that I am quite sure nothing real can be anything like what I am able to conceive when I pronounce this word [(nom)].  But that which I cannot conceive is not an illusion.]"

"[. . . Mais cela que je ne puis concevoir n’est pas une illusion.]"

     Simone Weil, Gravity and grace, trans. Emma Craufurd (London:  Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1963 [1952]), 103 (Thibon:  "Atheism as purification").  Cahier 4 (1941) =Cahiers I, nouvelle edition, revue et augmentee (Paris:  Plon, 1970), 258.  The significance of the brackets is not, so far as I have been able to tell, anywhere clarified.  Presumably, then, they are Weil's own.

In the light of your truth confirm us

"May the communion in your Sacrament that we have consumed, save us, O Lord, and confirm us in the light of your truth.  Through."

"Sacramentorum tuorum Domine communio sumpta nos saluet, et in tuae veritatis luce confirmet.  Per."

May the communion of your sacraments, having been taken/received/consumed, save us, O Lord, and in the light of your truth confirm [us].  Through.

     Post communion, Nineteenth Sunday in Ordinary time, Roman missal, second translation mine.  =No. 1216 in the edition of the 8th/9th-century Liber sacramentorum Engolismensis:  Manuscrit B.N. Lat. 816:  Le sacramentaire Gélasien d’Angoulême ed. Saint-Roche (CCSL 159C (1987), 180), who, on pp. XI-XII, proposes the period 768-781 for the sacramentary's composition.  =Corpus orationum no. 5166, where the Gregorianum (no. 654 in the edition ed. Deschusses) is also listed (among many others).