Saturday, October 10, 2015

"Collect, for grace"

Mid 8th-century Gelasian sacramentary (no. 1576):
Gratias tibi agimus, domine, sanctae pater, omnipotens aeternae deus, qui nos transacto noctis spatio ad matutinis horas perducere dignatus es; quaesumus, ut dones nobis diem hunc sine peccato transire, quatenus ad uesperum gratias referamus: per.

Late 8th- or early 9th-century Gregorian sacramentary (no. 1491):
Gratias tibi agimus domine sanctę pater omnipotens aeternę deus . qui nos de transacto noctis spatio ad matutinas horas perducere dignatus es . quaesumus ut dones nobis diem hunc sine peccato transire . quatenus ad uesperum et semper tibi deo gratias referamus . per dominum.

The 9th- or 10th-century Durham ritual, no. 241 (Rituale Ecclesiæ Dunelmensis or Durham Collectar, Durham Cathedral Library MS A.IV.19, fol. 18r).  The Durham collectar, ed. Alicia Corrêa, Henry Bradshaw Society 105 (London:  Boydell Press, 1992), 165 (no. 241), with abbreviations spelled out:
Gratias agamus Domine sancte pater omnipotens aeterne Deus qui nos de transacto noctis spatio ad matutinas horas perducere dignatus es, quaesumus ut dones nobis diem hunc sine peccato transire, quatenus ad uesperum tibi Deo gratias referamus.  Per dominum.

The above three (but especially the second), i.e. "the prayer from which this collect [(the one below, the Anglican "Collect for grace")] developed", as translated by Hatchett (p. 126):
We give you thanks, Lord, holy Father, almighty everlasting God, who have brought us through the period of night to the morning hours.  We beseech you that you grant that we pass through this day without sin, so that at vespers we may return thanks to you.

After this point it loses, somewhere along the way, the intra-horal anticipation of evening prayer.  Or is the following, contra Hatchett, not at all the same prayer?  The vocabulary is quite different.  Yet it is this vocabulary, rather than that above, that I find in the Roman Breviary and what Hatchett flags as "the Sarum little office of Prime" (col. 54 of Procter and Wordsworth):

Roman Breviary:  Domine Deus omnipotens, qui ad principium huius diei nos pervenire fecisti:  tua nos hodie salva virtute; ut in hac die ad nullum declinemus peccatum, sed semper ad tuam iustitiam faciendam nostra procedant eloquia, dirigantur cogitationes et opera.  Per.

Sarum "Preces ad Primum" (column 54 of Procter and Wordsworth):  Domine Sancte Pater omnipotens æterne Deus : qui nos ad principium hujus diei pervenire fecisti : tua nos hodie salva virtute, et concede : ut in hac die ad nullum declinemus peccatum nec ullum incurramus periculum : sed semper ad tuam justitiam faciendam omnis nostra actio tuo moderamine dirigatur.  Per.

I've struck out in both Bruylants and Corpus orationum.  But there is lots of relevance on this prayer in Google.  This specimen of 19th-century scholarship takes the line taken later by Hatchett.  In any case, the BCP:

1549 BCP (ed. Cummings):
O Lorde oure heavenly father, almightye and everlivyng God, whiche haste safelye brought us to the beginning of this day:  Defend us in the same with thy mighty power, and graunt that this daye wee fall into no synne, neyther runne into any kinde of daunger, but that al our doinges may be ordred by thy governaunce, to do alwaies that is righteous in thy sight:  through Jesus Christe our lorde.  Amen.

1662 BCP (ed. Cummings):
O Lord our heavenly Father, Almighty and everlasting God, who hast safely brought us to the beginning of this day;  defend us in the same with thy mighty power, and grant that this day we fall into no sin, neither run into any kind of danger; but that all our doings may be ordered by thy governance, to do always that is righteous in thy sight; through Jesus Christ our Lord.  Amen.

1928 BCP:
O Lord, our heavenly Father, Almighty and everlasting God, who hast safely brought us to the beginning of this day:  Defend us in the same with thy mighty power; and grant that this day we fall into no sin, neither run into any kind of danger; but that all our doings, being ordered by thy governance, may be righteous in thy sight; through Jesus Christ our Lord.  Amen.

1979 BCP, Morning Prayer I:
O Lord, our heavenly Father, almighty and everlasting God, who hast safely brought us to the beginning of this day:  Defend us in the same with thy mighty power; and grant that this day we fall into no sin, neither run into any kind of danger; but that we, being ordered by thy governance, may do always what is righteous in thy sight; through Jesus Christ our Lord.  Amen.

1979 BCP, Morning Prayer II:
Lord God, almighty and everlasting Father you have brought us in safety to this new day:  Preserve us with your mighty power, that we may not fall into sin, nor be overcome by adversity; and in all we do, direct us to the fulfilling of your purpose; through Jesus Christ our Lord. Amen.


Wednesday, October 7, 2015

No love without judgment; no judgment more searing than that of love

"Only that love which pronounces judgment on all that is not love is in the deepest sense a restoring and saving love.  At the same time, no judgment pierces so deep as the judgment of love; and whatever refuses to be won by the reckless self-giving of love cannot be won at all."

     Anders Nygren, Agape and eros, trans. Philip S. Watson (Philadelphia:  The Westminster Press, 1938), 104.
     I was reminded of this by Louis Bouyer, who, despite his predictably heavy criticism of Nygren (in which I concur), agrees with him on this point:
It is the very grandeur of agape to will that love not transcend judgment except by accomplishing it.  More precisely, where love reigns (says Nygren himself, here [for once] faithful to Saint John), those who open themselves up to it are beyond all judgment, but, for those who refuse it, no further recourse is possible.  As he is not afraid to say, there is, finally, no judgment more inexorable than that of love, and if love comes to condemn us, the condemnation is total and without recourse. 
     Louis Bouyer, Religieux et clercs contre Dieu (Paris:  Aubier Montaigne, 1975), 90, translation mine.  Bouyer does not provide a citation, but p. 104 (above) seems to fit the bill.

Tuesday, October 6, 2015

"If you don't know the exact moment when the lights will go out, you might as well read until they do."

     Clive James in the Introduction to Latest readings (Yale University Press, 2015), as quoted by John Banville in "A quest for clarity," The New York review of books 52, no. 14 (September 24, 2015), 79 (77-79):
If there is such a thing as a reader of genius, then Clive James is it. . . . after being diagnosed with leukemia in 2010, he wondered if it was worth the effort of going on reading; the cure for this was an invigorating plunge into Boswell's Life of Johnson.  The great pleasure he derived from that great work, which he had not read in its entirety until then, showed him what he would be missing, in even the short span he believed was left to him, if he gave up on books.

Saturday, October 3, 2015

"a stale paleoparthenoidean odor"

"the Nietzschean Übermensch [(surhomme)] emits, whatever he does, a stale paleoparthenoidean odor [(un relent paléoparthénoïde)].  As had happened to so many others, from Walt Whitman to Henry de Montherlant, when the voice of Zarathustra rises to [its] maximum to affirm the Beyond [Good and] Evil [(le surmâle)], a fatal squawk gives away the old maid in drag [(la vieille fille en travesti)].  The pathetic great man was as capable as your average bourgeois of deceiving himself as to [(pouvait bien s'illusionner bourgeoisement sur)] the initiatory virtues of a noctural descent into the Venetian brothel.  For lack of a better proof of a problematic virility, he brought back from there only the 'French disease'."

     Louis Bouyer, Religieux et clercs contre Dieu, Présence et pensée (Paris:  Aubier Montaigne, 1975), 51.  paléoparthénoïde < παλαιο-παρθεν-οειδης, old maid-like.

Wednesday, September 30, 2015

Pseudo-Milton

     "'Mag ich zur Hölle fahren, aber solch ein Gott wird niemals meine Achtung erzwingen'  war bekanntlich Miltons Urteil über die Lehre."

     Max Weber on "the doctrine of predestination in the form of the double decree [(die Prädestinationslehre in der Form des doppelten Dekrets)]", Die protestantische Ethik und der 'Geist' des Kapitalismus II.1, "Die religiösen Grundlagen der innerweltlichen Askese", or II.4.A in the English.  Max Weber Gesamtausgabe I.9, Asketischer Protestantismus und Kapitalismus:  Schriften und Reden, 1904-1911, hrsg. Wolfgang Schluchter, in Zusammenarbeit mit Ursula Bube (Tübingen:  J. C. B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), 2014), p. 253, ll. 22-24.  p. 253, n. 58, underscoring mine:  "Als Zitat bei John Milton nicht nachgewiesen [(As [a] quotation by John Milton not established/proven)].  Zu Miltons sich wandelnder Einstellung zur Prädestinationslehre vgl. unten, S. 254, Anm. 63."  p. 254, n. 63:  "Milton entfernte sich mit seiner Deutung der Prädestinationslehre 'immer weiter vom Standpunkte der calvinistischen Orthodoxie', urteilt Alfred Stern, Milton [und seine Zeit] II/4 [(1877-1879)], S. 157.  In der 'Doctrina Christiana' heiß es:  'Gott beschloß in seiner Weisheit, Mensch und Engel als vernünftige Wesen zu schaffen, d.h. als solche, die frei handeln.  Aber er sah zugleich voraus, wohin sich in der Benutzung ihrer ungehemmten Freiheit der Antrieb ihres Willens neigen würde.  Wie also, werden wir sagen, daß diese Voraussicht oder dies Vorherwissen auf Seiten Gottes ihnen die Nothwendigkeit auferlegte, in irgend einer bestimmten Weise zu handeln?  Nicht mehr, als wenn der küntfige Erfolg von irgend einem menschlichen Wesen vorhergesehen wäre' (zitiert nach Stern, S. 158, der sich hier auf Milton, Doctrina Christiana IV, 38-41, bezieht).  Zum Kontext vgl. Stern, ebd.,S. 156-159; Eibach, Milton, S. 724."


     "'Though I may be sent to Hell for it, such a God will never command my respect', was Milton's well-known opinion of the doctrine."

     Trans. Talcott Parsons ((London and New York:  Routledge Classics, 2001 [1930]), 58 and 177n10).

     I was put onto this by Dr. David Harris Sacks, Richard F. Scholz Professor of History and Humanities, Emeritus, Reed College, raising the question of Weber's source over the listserv FICINO, on 7 September 2015.  No one on FICINO was able to track this to Milton (or even Eibach) either, myself included.  And though the question was forwarded on to MILTON-L, no response was returned.  At that point, it occurred to me to check the Max Weber Gesamtausgabe.

Sunday, September 27, 2015

"while in this body we not only experience the daily effects of your care, but even now possess the pledge of life eternal."

"atque in hoc corpore constituti non solum pietatis tuae cotidianos experimur effectus, sed aeternitatis etiam pignora iam tenemus."

     Preface VI of the Sundays in Ordinary Time, Missale Romanum, from the 8th century Prague sacramentary.  (According to Ward & Johnson, "tuae . . . pietatis effectus" appears also in the Gelasian sacramentary.)

Tuesday, September 22, 2015

(5th- and) 6th-century enhypostaticism (ἐνυπόστατ-icism) brought to bear on contemporary sexual ethics

"Journalist Brandon Ambrosino argued that the best argument for same-sex marriage is that Jesus was simply wrong about marriage, owing to the fact that he was ignorant of contemporary scientific notions of sexual orientation and the evolving standards of a morality of love. It takes quite a messiah complex to school the actual Messiah on moral and ethical truth, all while claiming to follow him. This argument is immediately off-limits for Evangelicals because they are, first of all, “mere Christians” who agree with Nicaea and Chalcedon about who Jesus is. The argument that “Jesus would agree with us if he’d lived to see our day” won’t work for people who know that Jesus is alive today—and that his views aren’t evolving (Heb. 13:8)."

     Russell D. Moore, "Evangelicals won't cave:  why Evangelicals will not be surrendering to the sexual revolution," First things no. 266 (October 2015):  .