Saturday, April 4, 2020

Pseudo-St. Richard of Chichester: "know thee more clearly, love thee more dearly and follow thee more nearly, day by day"

NOT, I think, the author!
     Here is one common version of this prayer, the version attributed to St. Richard of Chichester (c. 1197-1253) in the Oxford dictionary of saints, ed. Farmer (1997), and very often in other supposedly reputable sources, stretching at least as far back as 1913 (G. R. Bullock-Webster, ed., The churchman's prayer manual, 3rd ed. (London, 1913 [1913]), 31:
Thanks be to thee, my Lord Jesus Christ for all the benefits thou hast given me, for all the pains and insults which thou hast borne for me. O most merciful redeemer, friend and brother, may I know thee more clearly, love thee more dearly and follow thee more nearly, day by day.
In bold above is the portion of this prayer that can indeed be traced back to St. Richard of Chichester as reported by Ralph Bocking O.P. (?) at Acta sanctorum 10 (April Tom. I, at 3 April), 281 col. 1 par. 3 (cap. III, sec. 18, paragraph divisions mine):
Gratias tibi ago, Domine Jesu Christe, de omnibus beneficiis quae mihi praestitisti, pro poenis et opprobriis quae pro me pertulisti, propter quae planctus ille lamentabilis tibi vere competebat, Non est dolor similis sicut dolor meus.  Et tu nosti [sic], Domine, quod si tibi placeret, omnia opprobria et tormenta atque mortem pro te paratus essem sustinere:  et sicut tu scis hoc verum esse, miserere mei, quia tibi commendo animam meam. 
Illam autem Psalmistae vocem, quae dicit, In manus tuas Domine commendo spiritum meum, frequentius iterans, et ad gloriosam Virginem vicissim corde simul et voce se convertens, ait:  Maria, mater gratiae, mater misericordiae, tu nos ab hoste protégé et hora mortis suscipe: 
et praecepit Capellanis, quod illa verba in auribus suis dicere non cessarent.
LORD JESU CHRIST, I thank Thee for all the blessings Thou hast given me, and for all the sufferings and shame Thou didst endure for me, on which account that pitiable cry of sorrow was Thine : " Behold and see, if there was any sorrow like unto My sorrow ! " Thou knowest, Lord, how willing I should be to bear insult, and pain, and death for Thee ; therefore have mercy on me, for to Thee do I commend my spirit.
The Church of England COVID-19 mash-up with St. Alphonsus Liguori aside, most of that is as per Wikipedia as accessed on 4 April 2020, and other sites, too, for example that of the Center for Action and Contemplation (post by Richard Rohr dated 9 February 2020).  (For what very little this may be worth, I have also gone beyond Wikipedia in searching the above scan of Acta sanctorum 10.  Frater (which is extremely common) occurs eight times in the pages devoted to St. Richard of Chichester, none of them relevant.  Redemptor and Amice (also vocatives) occur a few times elsewhere in the volume, but not in the pages on St. Richard.  Searching on "know thee", "love thee", and "follow thee" would be more complicated, but the above, at least, should be taken as further confirmation of the claim that the second half of the prayer above does not come from St. Richard of Chichester.)
     The claim is usually (?) that "versions of St Richards prayer, before the 20th century, did not contain the triplet and . . . that the first version that did was published in "The Churchmans Prayer Manual" by G.R.Bullock-Webster in 1913" (above; Wikipedia).
     BUT:  that is not the first version in which "the triplet" occurs, at least (?) not without that sentence lifted from Acta sanctorum.  Here are the earlier ones (as it happens without those words) that I've turned up so far.  Note, by the way, how very widely the incipit (especially) varies:


     The phrases of "the triplet" taken individually were not unknown earlier, of course.  Here is one striking occurrence, though one could list others:
I have not been able to get anything as striking as that to occur in either Eighteenth Century Collections Online or Early English Books Online.

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